# Dr. Maria Ansari Dermatology

> Patient education and online consultations from Dr. Maria Ansari, MBBS, MD (Dermatology), Senior Resident, Department of Dermatology at Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (HIMSR) and HAH Centenary Hospital, New Delhi. Evidence-based guides on acne, pigmentation, hair loss, eczema, psoriasis, sun care and procedures, written for Indian skin types (Fitzpatrick III to VI) and the Indian climate. Each article has a short answer, FAQs and cited sources.

Contact: maria.ansari9@gmail.com. Hospital: HIMSR and HAH Centenary Hospital, Guru Ravidas Marg, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062. Registration: Delhi Medical Council DMC-121519. Articles are general education and not medical advice; they are marked medically reviewed only when Dr. Maria Ansari has reviewed them.

## Key pages

- [About Dr. Maria Ansari](https://drmariaansari.in/about): training, current position, memberships and awards
- [Services](https://drmariaansari.in/services): medical and cosmetic dermatology services
- [Online consultation](https://drmariaansari.in/consultation): how video and phone consultations work and how to book
- [Contact](https://drmariaansari.in/contact): email, hospital address and hours
- [Publications](https://drmariaansari.in/publications): peer-reviewed papers and books by Dr. Maria Ansari
- [Testimonials](https://drmariaansari.in/testimonials): patient reviews
- [Conditions A to Z](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions): short guides to common skin, hair and nail conditions
- [Questions and answers](https://drmariaansari.in/faq): 317 short answers from all articles, grouped by topic, each linked to its source article

## Condition guides

- [Acne](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/acne) (also known as Pimples, Muhase, Acne vulgaris, Breakouts): Acne happens when hair follicles get blocked with oil and dead skin cells, which leads to blackheads, whiteheads, red bumps and sometimes deep painful lumps. It is most common in teenagers but often continues into adult life, especially in women. On Indian skin, acne frequently leaves dark marks that can last longer than the pimples themselves, so early treatment matters.
- [Alopecia areata](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/alopecia-areata) (also known as Patchy hair loss, Spot baldness, Bald patch, Beard alopecia): Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks hair follicles and causes round, smooth patches of hair loss on the scalp, beard or eyebrows. The follicles are not destroyed, so hair often grows back, sometimes on its own. It is not contagious and is not caused by poor hair care, and a dermatologist can suggest treatment depending on how much hair is affected.
- [Dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/dandruff-seborrheic-dermatitis) (also known as Rusi, Dandruff, Seborrhoeic dermatitis, Itchy flaky scalp, Cradle cap): Dandruff is the mild form of seborrheic dermatitis, a common condition in which the skin reacts to a yeast called Malassezia that lives on oily areas. It causes white or yellow flakes and itching on the scalp, and sometimes redness and scaling on the eyebrows, sides of the nose, ears and chest. It cannot be cured permanently, but it can be controlled well with the right shampoos and treatment.
- [Eczema](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/eczema) (also known as Atopic dermatitis, Dermatitis, Contact dermatitis, Itchy dry skin): Eczema is a group of conditions that cause dry, itchy, inflamed skin. The most common type, atopic dermatitis, often starts in childhood and runs in families with asthma or allergies, while contact dermatitis is a reaction to something touching the skin, such as hair dye, nickel or fragrance. Gentle skin care, regular moisturising and avoiding triggers are the base of treatment, with medical treatment for flares.
- [Hair loss in women](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/hair-loss-in-women) (also known as Hair fall, Baal jhadna, Female pattern hair loss, Telogen effluvium, Hair thinning): Losing some hair every day is normal, but noticeable shedding or thinning in women usually has a cause that can be found. Common reasons include sudden shedding after illness, stress, delivery or crash dieting, low iron or thyroid problems, PCOS, and gradual thinning along the parting known as female pattern hair loss. Many causes are treatable, and early assessment gives the best chance of keeping hair density.
- [Hyperhidrosis](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/hyperhidrosis) (also known as Excessive sweating, Zyada paseena, Sweaty palms): Hyperhidrosis means sweating much more than the body needs to stay cool, often on the palms, soles, underarms or face. It usually starts in childhood or the teenage years and is not a sign of poor hygiene. It can affect work and social life, and several treatments can reduce it, but new widespread sweating in adult life should be checked for an underlying cause.
- [Hyperpigmentation and dark spots](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/hyperpigmentation) (also known as Dark spots, Acne marks, Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, PIH, Uneven skin tone, Tanning): Hyperpigmentation means areas of skin that are darker than the surrounding skin because they hold more melanin. Common causes on Indian skin include marks left after acne, injury or rashes, sun tanning, melasma and dark skin in body folds linked to insulin resistance. Most types fade slowly with sun protection and the right treatment, and finding the cause is the first step.
- [Keratosis pilaris](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/keratosis-pilaris) (also known as Chicken skin, Rough bumps on the arms): Keratosis pilaris causes small, rough bumps that make the skin feel like sandpaper, usually on the upper arms, thighs and cheeks. It happens when keratin builds up and plugs hair follicles, and it often runs in families and is more common in people with dry skin or eczema. It is harmless, often improves with age, and gentle exfoliation and moisturising can smooth the skin.
- [Lichen planus](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/lichen-planus) (also known as LP, Oral lichen planus, Lichen planus pigmentosus): Lichen planus is an immune-related condition that can affect the skin, the inside of the mouth, the scalp, nails and genitals. On skin it causes itchy, flat-topped purple or dark bumps, often on the wrists and ankles, and in the mouth it can cause lacy white patches or sores. A pigmented form that causes dark patches on the face and neck is fairly common in India.
- [Male pattern baldness](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/male-pattern-baldness) (also known as Androgenetic alopecia, Ganjapan, Receding hairline, Hair loss in men): Male pattern baldness is the most common type of hair loss in men. It is inherited and driven by the effect of male hormones on hair follicles, which slowly shrink and make thinner, shorter hairs. It usually starts at the temples or crown and progresses over years, and treatment works best when started early to slow it down.
- [Melasma](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/melasma) (also known as Jhaiyan, Chloasma, Mask of pregnancy): Melasma is a common pigmentation condition that causes brown or grey-brown patches, usually on the cheeks, forehead, nose and upper lip. It is linked to sunlight and visible light, hormones such as pregnancy and the contraceptive pill, and family tendency, and it is especially common in Indian women. It can be controlled well with daily sun protection and treatment from a dermatologist, but it tends to come back, so care is long term.
- [Nail fungus](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/nail-fungus) (also known as Onychomycosis, Toenail fungus, Fungal nail infection, Tinea unguium): Nail fungus is a slow fungal infection that makes nails thick, discoloured and crumbly, most often on the toenails. It is more common with age, diabetes, sweaty feet and closed footwear. Not every thick or discoloured nail is fungal, so testing before treatment is useful, and treatment takes months because nails grow slowly.
- [Psoriasis](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/psoriasis) (also known as Plaque psoriasis, Scalp psoriasis, Scaly skin patches): Psoriasis is a long-term immune condition that makes skin cells grow too fast, causing thick, scaly patches, most often on the elbows, knees, scalp and lower back. It is not contagious. It tends to come and go in flares, and it can be linked to joint pain and other health conditions, but many effective treatments are available to keep it under control.
- [Ringworm (tinea)](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/ringworm-tinea) (also known as Daad, Tinea, Dermatophytosis, Fungal skin infection, Jock itch): Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin, not a worm. It causes itchy, ring-shaped red or dark patches that spread outwards, often in the groin, waist, thighs and underarms, and it is very common in India because of heat, humidity and sweat. Many infections have become stubborn and keep coming back, often because of steroid-containing creams, so a proper diagnosis and a full course of treatment are important.
- [Rosacea](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/rosacea) (also known as Facial redness, Flushing, Sensitive skin): Rosacea is a long-term condition that causes flushing, persistent redness and sometimes pimple-like bumps on the central face. On brown skin the redness can be harder to see, so it is often mistaken for acne, sensitivity or a reaction to products. Triggers such as heat, sun, spicy food and hot drinks can make it worse, and treatment can control it well.
- [Scabies](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/scabies) (also known as Khujli, Itch mite infestation, Sarcoptes scabiei): Scabies is a very itchy skin condition caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin. It spreads through close skin contact, so it often affects several people in the same family or hostel. The itch is typically worse at night, and treatment needs the whole household to be treated at the same time, along with washing of clothes and bedding.
- [Stretch marks](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/stretch-marks) (also known as Striae, Striae distensae, Striae gravidarum): Stretch marks are lines that form when the deeper layer of the skin is stretched quickly, such as in pregnancy, growth spurts, weight gain or bodybuilding. New marks are often pink, red or purple, and older ones fade to lighter lines. They are harmless, and while no treatment removes them completely, some treatments can make them less noticeable, especially when they are new.
- [Urticaria (hives)](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/urticaria) (also known as Hives, Sheetpitti, Pitti, Nettle rash, Itchy welts): Urticaria, or hives, causes raised, itchy welts that appear suddenly and usually fade within 24 hours, often moving from place to place. Short episodes can be triggered by infections, medicines or foods, while hives that keep coming back for more than 6 weeks are called chronic urticaria and often have no single cause that can be found. Most people do well with treatment from a doctor.
- [Vitiligo](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/vitiligo) (also known as Safed daag, Leucoderma, White patches): Vitiligo is a condition in which the immune system affects the pigment cells of the skin, causing milky white patches. It is not contagious, it is not caused by food combinations such as fish and milk, and it is not related to leprosy. Treatment can often stop it spreading and bring colour back, especially when started early, and a dermatologist can confirm the diagnosis because other conditions can also cause light patches.
- [Warts](https://drmariaansari.in/conditions/warts) (also known as Massa, Verruca, Common warts, Plantar warts): Warts are small, rough growths caused by the human papillomavirus infecting the top layer of the skin. They are common on the hands, feet and face, can spread to other areas or people, and many go away by themselves over months to years. A dermatologist can confirm that a growth is a wart and not a corn, molluscum or something else, and offer treatment if it is painful or spreading.

## Articles: Acne

- [Acne on Indian Skin: Causes, Treatment and What Actually Works](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/acne-causes-treatment-indian-skin): Acne comes from clogged pores, excess oil, bacteria and inflammation. On Indian skin, early treatment also prevents dark marks. Here is what works and why.
- [Acne Scars Treatment: Options for Indian Skin Explained](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/acne-scars-treatment-options): Acne scars improve with procedures like microneedling, subcision, peels and lasers, chosen by scar type. Learn what each does and what is safe for brown skin.
- [Back Acne and Body Acne: Causes and How to Clear It](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/back-acne-body-acne): Back and body acne comes from oil, sweat, friction and sometimes yeast. Learn which washes help, how to avoid dark marks and when to see a dermatologist.
- [Fungal Acne (Malassezia Folliculitis): Signs and Treatment](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/fungal-acne-malassezia-folliculitis): Fungal acne is an itchy yeast infection of hair follicles, not true acne. Learn how to tell them apart, why Indian humidity triggers it and how it is treated.
- [Hormonal Acne in Women and PCOS: Signs, Causes and Treatment](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hormonal-acne-women-pcos): Hormonal acne in women usually sits on the jaw and chin and flares before periods. Learn how PCOS is linked, which tests help and what treatment options exist.
- [Isotretinoin for Acne: What Patients Should Know](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/isotretinoin-what-patients-should-know): Isotretinoin can clear severe or scarring acne but must be taken only under a dermatologist, with strict pregnancy prevention and monitoring. Facts and myths.

## Articles: Pigmentation

- [Dark Circles Under Eyes: Causes and Treatment for Indian Skin](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dark-circles-under-eyes-causes-treatment): Dark circles come from pigment, visible blood vessels, hollowing or a mix. Learn which type you have, what helps on Indian skin and when to see a doctor.
- [Dark Knees, Elbows and Lips: Causes and What Helps](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dark-knees-elbows-lip-pigmentation): Dark knees, elbows, knuckles and lips are common on Indian skin. Friction, dryness, sun, insulin resistance and lip habits play a role. What helps.
- [Dark Spots After Pimples (PIH): How to Fade Them on Indian Skin](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/post-inflammatory-hyperpigmentation-dark-spots): Dark spots after pimples are post inflammatory hyperpigmentation. They fade with sunscreen, gentle actives and time. Here is how to speed it up safely.
- [Dark Underarms and Neck: Acanthosis Nigricans Explained](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dark-underarms-acanthosis-nigricans): Dark, velvety skin on the neck or underarms is often acanthosis nigricans, linked to insulin resistance. Learn causes, tests and treatments that actually help.
- [Freckles, Lentigines and Sun Spots: Causes and Treatment](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/freckles-lentigines-sun-spots): Freckles fade when sun exposure drops, while lentigines and sun spots stay. Here is how to tell them apart, prevent new spots and treat them safely.
- [Glutathione for Skin Whitening: Is It Safe and Does It Work?](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/glutathione-skin-whitening-safety): Evidence for glutathione skin lightening is limited and short term. IV glutathione drips have no proven benefit and carry real risks. What research shows.
- [Melasma Treatment for Indian Skin: What Works and What to Avoid](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/melasma-treatment-indian-skin): Melasma is long lasting facial pigmentation triggered by sun, heat and hormones. Learn safe treatments for Indian skin and how to prevent it coming back.
- [White Patches on Face: Pityriasis Alba, Versicolor or Vitiligo?](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/white-patches-on-face-pityriasis-alba-tinea-versicolor): Most white patches on the face in India are pityriasis alba or tinea versicolor, not vitiligo. Here is how they differ, what helps, and when to get checked.

## Articles: Hair

- [Alopecia Areata: Causes and Treatment of Patchy Hair Loss](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/alopecia-areata-patchy-hair-loss): Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that causes smooth, round bald patches. Hair often regrows, and a dermatologist can offer treatments to speed it up.
- [Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis: Causes and Treatment](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dandruff-seborrheic-dermatitis): Dandruff is a mild form of seborrheic dermatitis, driven by scalp yeast and oil. Medicated shampoos used correctly control it. Overnight oiling can worsen it.
- [Hair Fall in Women: Causes, Tests and Treatment in India](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hair-fall-women-causes-treatment): Hair fall in Indian women is usually shedding after illness, stress or childbirth, or slow thinning linked to genes, iron, thyroid or PCOS. How to tell which.
- [Male Pattern Baldness Treatment: What Actually Works](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/male-pattern-baldness-treatment): Male pattern baldness is genetic and hormone driven. Approved medicines can slow it and regrow some hair if started early. Oils and serums cannot reverse it.
- [Minoxidil for Hair Loss: What to Know Before You Start](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/minoxidil-what-to-know): Minoxidil can slow pattern hair loss and regrow some hair, but it takes months, needs ongoing use and may cause early shedding. What to expect.
- [Postpartum Hair Loss: Why It Happens and When It Stops](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/postpartum-hair-loss-after-pregnancy): Heavy hair shedding a few months after delivery is common and temporary. Most women regain normal fullness by the baby's first birthday. Here is what helps.
- [Premature Grey Hair: Causes, Tests and What Can Help](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/premature-grey-hair-causes): Premature greying is mostly genetic, but Indian studies link it to low B12, ferritin and thyroid antibodies. Here is what to test, what helps and what is myth.

## Articles: Skin Conditions

- [Body Odour and Bromhidrosis: Causes and What Helps](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/body-odour-bromhidrosis): Body odour comes from skin bacteria breaking down sweat in the underarms, groin and feet. Hygiene, antiperspirants and treating sweating help.
- [Chickenpox and Shingles: Skin Care, Itch Relief and Scars](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/chickenpox-and-shingles-skin-care-scars): Chickenpox and shingles come from the same virus. Gentle skin care, no scratching and early medical advice help reduce complications and scars.
- [Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) in Adults and Children](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/eczema-atopic-dermatitis-adults-children): Atopic eczema is an itchy rash caused by a weak skin barrier and an overactive immune response. Daily moisturising and a flare plan keep most cases controlled.
- [Hair Dye Allergy: PPD, Patch Tests and the Kala Mehndi Danger](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hair-dye-allergy-contact-dermatitis): Hair dye allergy is usually caused by PPD, found in most dark dyes and in black henna. Learn the signs, how to patch test, and why kala mehndi is risky.
- [Hyperhidrosis: When Sweating Is More Than the Indian Heat](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hyperhidrosis-excessive-sweating): Hyperhidrosis is sweating far beyond what heat or exercise explains, often on palms, soles and underarms. It is treatable, from antiperspirants to procedures.
- [Ingrown Hair and Razor Bumps: Shaving, Waxing and Threading Tips](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/ingrown-hair-razor-bumps-shaving-waxing): Ingrown hairs and razor bumps happen when cut or plucked hair grows back into the skin. Better shaving technique, gentle care and dermatologist treatment help.
- [Intertrigo: Skin Fold Rash in the Groin, Under Breasts and Belly](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/intertrigo-skin-fold-rash-groin-underbreast): Intertrigo is a skin fold rash caused by friction, sweat and trapped moisture, often with yeast or bacteria. How to keep folds dry and when to see a doctor.
- [Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris) in India: Why It Keeps Coming Back](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/tinea-cruris-jock-itch-recurrence-india): Jock itch keeps returning in India because of steroid creams, incomplete treatment, sweat and reinfection from clothes. Here is how to break the cycle safely.
- [Keratosis Pilaris (Chicken Skin): Causes and Gentle Care](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/keratosis-pilaris-chicken-skin): Keratosis pilaris causes rough, tiny bumps on the arms and thighs. It is harmless and not contagious. Gentle exfoliating moisturisers help, scrubbing does not.
- [Lichen Planus: Skin, Mouth and Nail Symptoms Explained](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/lichen-planus-oral-skin): Lichen planus is a non contagious inflammatory condition causing itchy purple bumps on skin and lacy white patches in the mouth. Treatment helps it settle.
- [Milia, Whiteheads and Skin Tags: What Are These Bumps?](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/milia-whiteheads-skin-tags): Milia are tiny keratin cysts, whiteheads are clogged pores linked to acne, and skin tags are soft hanging growths. None should be squeezed or cut at home.
- [Nail Fungus (Onychomycosis): Why It Is Slow to Treat](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/nail-fungus-onychomycosis): Nail fungus makes nails thick, discoloured and crumbly. It needs a confirmed diagnosis and months of treatment, because nails grow slowly and relapse is common.
- [Patch Test for Skin Allergy: What to Expect](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/skin-allergy-patch-test-what-to-expect): A patch test finds the cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Allergen patches stay on your back for two days, with readings over a week. How to prepare.
- [Prickly Heat, Sweat Rash and Monsoon Skin Care in India](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/sweat-rash-prickly-heat-monsoon-skin-care): Prickly heat comes from blocked sweat ducts and settles when skin is kept cool and dry. In the monsoon, damp skin folds also invite fungal rashes.
- [Psoriasis: Symptoms, Triggers and Treatment Options](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/psoriasis-symptoms-treatment): Psoriasis is a long term immune condition causing thick, scaly plaques. It is not contagious. Treatments from creams to biologics can control it in most people.
- [Ringworm (Tinea) in India: Why It Keeps Coming Back](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/fungal-infection-ringworm-tinea-india): Ringworm in India has become stubborn and widespread, largely because of steroid combination creams. Learn how to treat tinea properly and stop it returning.
- [Rosacea and Sensitive Skin: Symptoms, Triggers and Care](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/rosacea-sensitive-skin): Rosacea causes flushing, redness, bumps and stinging, and is often missed on brown skin. Gentle care, sun protection and treatment can keep it calm.
- [Seborrheic Keratosis, DPN and Age Spots: Harmless or Not?](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/seborrheic-keratosis-age-spots): Seborrheic keratoses and the small dark bumps called DPN are common, harmless growths that increase with age. Know how they look and when a spot needs checking.
- [Skin Cancer Signs in Darker Skin: When to Check a Mole](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/skin-cancer-signs-darker-skin-moles): Skin cancer is less common in brown skin but often found late. Learn the ABCDEs, why soles, palms and nails matter, and when a mole needs a dermatologist.
- [Steroid Creams and Fairness Creams: The Hidden Danger](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/topical-steroid-misuse-fairness-creams-danger): Steroid creams used for fairness, acne or rashes without a prescription can thin skin, cause steroid acne and rosacea, and worsen ringworm. How to stop safely.
- [Urticaria (Hives): Causes, Relief and When to Worry](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/urticaria-hives-causes-relief): Hives are itchy raised welts that usually fade within 24 hours. Most cases settle with non-drowsy antihistamines. Lip or throat swelling needs emergency care.
- [Vitiligo: Causes, Treatment and Common Myths in India](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/vitiligo-causes-treatment-myths): Vitiligo is an autoimmune loss of skin pigment. It is not contagious and not caused by eating fish with milk. Treatment can restore colour in many people.
- [Warts, Molluscum and Corns: How to Tell Them Apart](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/warts-molluscum-corns-difference): Warts and molluscum are viral and can spread, while corns are caused by pressure and friction. Learn how each looks, how they are treated and what to avoid.

## Articles: Sun Care

- [Sun Tan Removal: What Actually Works on Indian Skin](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/sun-tan-removal-what-actually-works): A sun tan usually fades on its own once you stop further sun damage. Daily sunscreen, shade and gentle care work better than lemon, bleach or de-tan packs.
- [Sunscreen Guide for India: SPF, PA Ratings and How to Apply](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/sunscreen-guide-india-spf-pa): For most Indians, a broad spectrum SPF 30 to 50 sunscreen with PA+++ or higher, applied generously and reapplied every 2 hours outdoors, is the right choice.

## Articles: Skincare Basics

- [Basic Skincare Routine by Skin Type: A Dermatologist's Guide](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/basic-skincare-routine-by-skin-type): A good routine needs just three steps: a gentle cleanser, a moisturiser suited to your skin type and daily sunscreen. Add one active only for a clear concern.
- [Dry Skin in Winter and Cracked Heels: A Practical Guide](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dry-skin-winter-cracked-heels): Winter dry skin and cracked heels improve with short lukewarm baths, moisturiser on damp skin, petroleum jelly at night and closed footwear.
- [How to Choose a Dermatologist in India and Spot Fake Experts](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/how-to-choose-a-dermatologist-india): Check any doctor's registration on the NMC Indian Medical Register, look for MD, DNB or DVD in dermatology, and watch for red flags of unqualified skin clinics.
- [Men's Skincare Routine in India: Simple Steps That Work](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/mens-skincare-routine-india): A good men's routine is a mild face wash, moisturiser and sunscreen, plus smart shaving to avoid razor bumps. A simple plan for Indian heat and pollution.
- [Online Dermatology Consultation: How It Works and How to Prepare](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/online-dermatology-consultation-how-it-works): An online dermatology consultation lets you share your history and clear photos with a dermatologist by video, audio or chat. Here is how to prepare.
- [Open Pores and Oily Skin: What Actually Helps](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/open-pores-oily-skin-what-helps): Open pores cannot be closed permanently, but oil control, acne treatment, sunscreen and some procedures can make them look smaller. An honest guide.
- [Retinol vs Tretinoin: A Beginner's Guide to Retinoids](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/retinol-tretinoin-beginners-guide): Retinol is a gentler, over the counter form of vitamin A; tretinoin is a stronger prescription retinoid. Both help acne and ageing skin but need a slow start.
- [Skincare Ingredients Not to Mix: A Simple Guide for Indian Skin](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/skincare-ingredients-not-to-mix): Retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, AHAs and hydroquinone can clash or irritate when layered. Here is what to separate and what pairs well.
- [Vitamin C and Niacinamide Serums Explained for Indian Skin](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/vitamin-c-niacinamide-serums-explained): Vitamin C is an antioxidant that brightens skin and supports sun protection; niacinamide calms, controls oil and repairs the barrier. Most can use both.

## Articles: Procedures

- [Botox and Fillers: Myths, Facts and Safety in India](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/botox-fillers-myths-safety-india): Botox relaxes muscles and fillers add volume. Both are medical procedures with temporary results and real risks. Here are the facts and the myths explained.
- [Chemical Peels for Indian Skin: Types, Benefits and Safety](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/chemical-peels-guide-indian-skin): Chemical peels can help acne, dark spots, melasma and dull skin. Superficial peels are generally safe for Indian skin when done by a dermatologist.
- [Hair Transplant Basics: Who Is a Good Candidate?](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hair-transplant-basics-who-is-a-candidate): A hair transplant moves your own follicles to thinning areas. It suits stable pattern hair loss with good donor hair and needs a qualified surgeon.
- [Hydrafacial and Carbon Peel: What to Know Before You Book](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hydrafacial-carbon-peel-what-to-know): Hydrafacial and carbon laser peel can give a short term glow, but evidence is small. Learn how they work, the risks on Indian skin and who should skip them.
- [Laser Hair Reduction on Indian Skin: Safety, Sessions, Risks](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/laser-hair-reduction-guide): Laser hair reduction can be safe on Indian skin with the right device and settings. Expect around 6 sessions and long term reduction, not permanent removal.
- [Microneedling and PRP: What to Expect, Risks and Downtime](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/microneedling-prp-what-to-expect): Microneedling triggers collagen repair for acne scars and texture, while PRP uses your own platelets, mainly for hair thinning. Both need several sessions.

## Articles: Women's Skin

- [PCOS Skin and Hair Symptoms: A Complete Guide for Women](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/pcos-skin-hair-symptoms-complete-guide): PCOS often shows on the skin first, as acne, facial hair, dark neck patches or thinning hair. Learn why it happens, what helps and when to get tested.
- [Skin Changes in Pregnancy and Pregnancy Safe Skincare](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/skin-changes-in-pregnancy-safe-skincare): Pregnancy often brings melasma, acne and stretch marks. Cleanser, moisturiser and sunscreen are safe; retinoids and some strong actives should be avoided.
- [Stretch Marks (Striae): What Actually Works and What Does Not](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/stretch-marks-striae-what-works): Stretch marks fade with time but rarely disappear. Early red or purple marks respond best to treatment. Here is an honest look at creams, lasers and procedures.

## Articles: Kids & Family

- [Baby Skin Care: Diaper Rash, Cradle Cap and Daily Basics](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/baby-skin-care-diaper-rash-cradle-cap): Most diaper rash and cradle cap is harmless and settles with gentle care at home. Learn what helps, what to avoid in Indian homes and when to see a doctor.
- [Scabies: Symptoms, Treatment and Why the Whole Family Needs It](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/scabies-symptoms-treatment-family): Scabies causes intense night time itching and spreads through close contact. Everyone in the household must be treated together, along with clothes and bedding.
- [Teen Skincare Routine: A Simple Guide for Indian Teenagers](https://drmariaansari.in/blog/teen-skincare-routine): Teens need a short routine: gentle cleanser, light moisturiser and sunscreen, plus acne care if needed. Skip anti-ageing actives, scrubs and steroid creams.

## Hindi articles

Hindi (hi-IN) translations of 12 core guides, index at https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog. Each is a faithful translation of the English article it links to.

- [PCOS के त्वचा और बालों के लक्षण: महिलाओं के लिए पूरी गाइड](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/pcos-skin-hair-symptoms-complete-guide): PCOS अक्सर सबसे पहले त्वचा पर दिखता है, जैसे acne, चेहरे पर बाल, गर्दन पर काले धब्बे या पतले बाल। जानिए ऐसा क्यों होता है, क्या मदद करता है और जांच कब करवाएं। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/pcos-skin-hair-symptoms-complete-guide)
- [Steroid Cream और Fairness Cream: छुपा हुआ ख़तरा](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/topical-steroid-misuse-fairness-creams-danger): बिना prescription गोरेपन, मुंहासों या rash पर लगी steroid cream त्वचा पतली करती है, steroid acne, rosacea करती है, ringworm बढ़ाती है। सुरक्षित तरीके से छोड़ें। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/topical-steroid-misuse-fairness-creams-danger)
- [आंखों के नीचे Dark Circles: कारण और इलाज, भारतीय त्वचा के लिए](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/dark-circles-under-eyes-causes-treatment): Dark circles pigment, दिखती नसों, गड्ढे (hollowing) या इनके मेल से होते हैं। जानिए आपका टाइप कौन सा है, भारतीय त्वचा पर क्या मदद करता है और डॉक्टर को कब दिखाएं। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dark-circles-under-eyes-causes-treatment)
- [डैंड्रफ़ (रूसी) और Seborrheic Dermatitis: कारण और इलाज](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/dandruff-seborrheic-dermatitis): डैंड्रफ़ seborrheic dermatitis का हल्का रूप है, जो scalp के yeast और तेल से जुड़ा है। सही medicated shampoo इसे काबू करता है। रात भर तेल लगाने से यह बढ़ता है। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/dandruff-seborrheic-dermatitis)
- [बड़ों और बच्चों में एक्ज़िमा (Atopic Dermatitis)](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/eczema-atopic-dermatitis-adults-children): Atopic एक्ज़िमा खुजली वाला रैश है, जो कमज़ोर skin barrier और ज़्यादा इम्यून प्रतिक्रिया से होता है। रोज़ moisturiser और flare प्लान से यह कंट्रोल रहता है। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/eczema-atopic-dermatitis-adults-children)
- [भारत के लिए सनस्क्रीन गाइड: SPF, PA रेटिंग और लगाने का सही तरीका](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/sunscreen-guide-india-spf-pa): ज़्यादातर भारतीयों के लिए broad spectrum SPF 30 से 50 और PA+++ या ज़्यादा वाला सनस्क्रीन सही है, भरपूर लगाएं और बाहर हों तो हर 2 घंटे में दोबारा लगाएं। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/sunscreen-guide-india-spf-pa)
- [भारत में दाद (Ringworm, Tinea): यह बार बार क्यों लौटता है](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/fungal-infection-ringworm-tinea-india): भारत में दाद अब ज़िद्दी और बहुत आम हो गया है, खासकर steroid वाली combination creams की वजह से। जानें tinea का सही इलाज कैसे करें और इसे लौटने से कैसे रोकें। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/fungal-infection-ringworm-tinea-india)
- [भारतीय त्वचा पर acne: कारण, इलाज और क्या सच में काम करता है](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/acne-causes-treatment-indian-skin): Acne बंद pores, ज़्यादा तेल, bacteria और सूजन से होता है। भारतीय त्वचा पर जल्दी इलाज काले दाग़ों से भी बचाता है। जानिए क्या काम करता है, और क्यों। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/acne-causes-treatment-indian-skin)
- [भारतीय त्वचा पर melasma का इलाज: क्या काम करता है, किससे बचें](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/melasma-treatment-indian-skin): Melasma चेहरे की लंबी चलने वाली pigmentation है, जो धूप, गर्मी और hormones से भड़कती है। जानें भारतीय त्वचा के सुरक्षित इलाज और इसे दोबारा आने से कैसे रोकें। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/melasma-treatment-indian-skin)
- [महिलाओं में बाल झड़ना: कारण, जांच और इलाज, भारत के लिए गाइड](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/hair-fall-women-causes-treatment): भारतीय महिलाओं में बाल झड़ना ज़्यादातर बीमारी, तनाव या डिलीवरी के बाद की शेडिंग है, या genes, आयरन, थायरॉइड या PCOS से जुड़ा धीमा पतलापन। जानें आपका कौन सा है। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/hair-fall-women-causes-treatment)
- [विटिलिगो (सफ़ेद दाग): कारण, इलाज और भारत में आम भ्रम](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/vitiligo-causes-treatment-myths): विटिलिगो एक autoimmune बीमारी है जिसमें त्वचा का रंग चला जाता है। यह छूने से नहीं फैलता, न मछली के साथ दूध खाने से होता है। इलाज से कई लोगों में रंग लौटता है। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/vitiligo-causes-treatment-myths)
- [सोरायसिस (Psoriasis): लक्षण, ट्रिगर और इलाज के विकल्प](https://drmariaansari.in/hi/blog/psoriasis-symptoms-treatment): सोरायसिस इम्यून सिस्टम की लंबी बीमारी है, जिसमें मोटे पपड़ीदार चकत्ते बनते हैं। यह छूत की नहीं है। क्रीम से biologics तक के इलाज से यह कंट्रोल हो सकती है। (English: https://drmariaansari.in/blog/psoriasis-symptoms-treatment)

## Resources

- [Resource hub](https://drmariaansari.in/resources): overview of all reference tools
- [3D Skin Explorer](https://drmariaansari.in/resources/skin-explorer): interactive model of the layers of human skin
- [Research library](https://drmariaansari.in/resources/research): 61 curated dermatology guidelines, consensus statements, reviews and studies with plain-language summaries
- [Latest research](https://drmariaansari.in/resources/news): recent papers from PubMed and dermatology journals, refreshed daily
- [Glossary](https://drmariaansari.in/resources/glossary): 85 dermatology terms defined in plain language

## Optional

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