Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis: Causes and Treatment
Dandruff is a mild form of seborrheic dermatitis, driven by scalp yeast and oil. Medicated shampoos used correctly control it. Overnight oiling can worsen it.
Condition guide
Dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis
Also known as Rusi, Dandruff, Seborrhoeic dermatitis, Itchy flaky scalp, Cradle cap.
In short
Dandruff is the mild form of seborrheic dermatitis, a common condition in which the skin reacts to a yeast called Malassezia that lives on oily areas. It causes white or yellow flakes and itching on the scalp, and sometimes redness and scaling on the eyebrows, sides of the nose, ears and chest. It cannot be cured permanently, but it can be controlled well with the right shampoos and treatment.
Typical signs
- White or yellowish flakes on the scalp or shoulders
- An itchy scalp
- Red, greasy, scaly skin on the eyebrows, sides of the nose or behind the ears
- Thick yellow scales on a baby's scalp, called cradle cap
When to see a dermatologist
- Anti-dandruff shampoo used regularly for 4 weeks has not helped
- The scalp is very red, painful, oozing or has thick plaques
- Scaling spreads to the face, ears or chest
- You are losing hair along with the flaking
Signs vary from person to person and several skin conditions look alike. Only an examination can confirm a diagnosis.
Read the guides
Full, referenced articles on dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis written for Indian skin, with answers to common questions.
Baby Skin Care: Diaper Rash, Cradle Cap and Daily Basics
Most diaper rash and cradle cap is harmless and settles with gentle care at home. Learn what helps, what to avoid in Indian homes and when to see a doctor.
Worried about dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis?
Book an online consultation with Dr. Maria Ansari for an assessment and a written care plan made for you.
This page is a short summary for general education and does not replace a consultation with a qualified dermatologist. Do not start, stop or change any medicine based on this page. Read the full medical disclaimer.